The fastest way to simplify your business is to ask what to eliminate before asking what to add. SpaceX's Raptor engine shows why: later versions removed parts, weighed less, produced more thrust, and became easier to reuse. Businesses follow the same pattern, and the short-term pain of cutting buys long-term focus.
What SpaceX's Raptor Evolution Shows About Simplification
SpaceX simplified the Raptor engine across three versions and ended up with a lighter, more powerful, easier-to-reproduce motor. In 2024 the company published a widely shared photo of the three Raptor generations side by side, and the contrast in complexity is visible at a glance.
The video's author, Bruno Faggion, pulls performance figures from that comparison: the latest engine delivers about 51% more power and weighs about 27% less than the original. In his reading, the third engine carries roughly 500 kg less mass and produces close to 100 tonnes of additional thrust compared with the first one. These are figures cited from SpaceX's own material rather than an independent propulsion study, so treat them as the vendor's comparison, not third-party verification.
The engineering logic matters more than the exact numbers. Early jet engines and early rockets are famously covered in external piping; later designs route those lines internally or delete them entirely. Fewer parts means fewer failure points, less maintenance, faster production and easier reuse between missions, which is one of SpaceX's stated competitive advantages in its Starship program, where Raptor flies.
The contrarian point, and the reason this example traveled: the improvement came from removing things. A team that had kept adding components would have gained weight and fragility for smaller and smaller returns.
Why Businesses Get Complex in the First Place
Businesses accumulate complexity because every addition is a reasonable experiment at the time it is made. Most companies start simple: one offer, one product, one acquisition channel, one target audience. Testing is how entrepreneurs discover what works.
SpaceX's engineers presumably iterated the same way before the first Raptor flew: try things, and when something fails, add a fix. The transcript's argument is that the first phase of any venture is additive by design. The mistake is never leaving that phase.
Once a business works, complexity starts working against it. Decisions now ripple across dozens of interconnected parts. There are several products, several price tiers, several channels, several customer profiles, and internal processes and people to maintain all of it. Agility drops because every choice must be checked against the whole fragile system.
Three Ways Complexity Swallows Different Business Models
The accumulation pattern repeats across business types. The details differ, but the mechanism, add, never remove, is identical.
### Infoproduct businesses: the funnel stack
An infoproduct company often starts with one humble low-ticket offer to test the market. It sort of works, so a second low-ticket product follows to generate more leads. Then a high-ticket offer appears to monetize those leads and recover margin. Then a launch, because launches make money. Launches are complicated, so a perpetual mid-ticket funnel gets layered underneath. Then YouTube, Instagram, LinkedIn and email marketing all feed the machine, and soon there are enough leads to justify an SDR and a sales team. At some point the owner no longer understands what is happening in their own business.
### Agencies: custom work that never becomes a product
Agencies add complexity through customization. New clients arrive, and to avoid losing any of them the founder bends the service to each one's requests. A team gets hired and needs to stay busy, so more acquisition channels open: paid social, Instagram stories, partnerships, networking events. Before long there is a sales team and a support team alongside the people doing the work. Processes never get productized or automated because every client needs a slightly different version of the service.
### SaaS: the feature that can never be removed
SaaS companies accumulate price tiers for different customer segments, which forces a generic landing page that speaks clearly to no one. The deeper problem is features. New ones are added constantly; old ones are never removed because a large customer might depend on each one. New users then cannot find or understand the simple task they came to do. The video notes the same dynamic in e-commerce and physical products: you always add, you never subtract.
Why Simplifying Hurts Before It Pays
Cutting is painful because the costs are immediate and visible while the gains are delayed and diffuse. Removing a marketing channel means fewer leads this month. Removing a product means revenue you would have collected today never arrives. Narrowing your target audience shrinks your addressable market, at least on paper.
The counterweight is that attention, time and resources concentrate on the few things that demonstrably work. Faggion's point is that founders see the cons of every cut and almost never price the gains: less maintenance, fewer broken processes, fewer weekly firefighting tasks, better execution on what remains. Doing fewer things with excellence tends to produce disproportionate results, and the founder's own week gets substantially lighter.
What Richard Koch's Simplify Argues
The video leans on Simplify by Richard Koch, a former strategy consultant who worked at BCG and Bain before founding and investing in companies, and author of The Star Principle. The speaker, himself a former consultant, cites Koch's observation that the most successful companies tended to be both market leaders in growing markets and radically simple in their economics.
Koch's argument, as the video presents it, is that simplification produces two benefits at once: high growth and high margins. Price-simplifying a product can let a company charge more, while making it simpler to produce cuts costs, so both ends of the margin equation improve together. The book is worth reading directly; this is the speaker's summary of it, not a substitute.
How to Decide What to Eliminate
The practical move is to run a subtraction review before approving any addition. List every product, channel, price tier, audience segment and recurring process. For each one, ask a short set of questions:
- Does this have clear evidence of working, with numbers, or does it survive on habit?
2. If I removed it today, what exactly would I lose in the next 90 days?
3. What would the freed time, budget and attention let me do better somewhere else?
4. Am I keeping this only because one large customer or one old campaign depends on it?
Faggion's closing framing makes the question explicit: the next time you ask what you should add to grow your business, also ask what you should eliminate to grow it. He suggests the second question is often the more productive one, because it reallocates resources you are already spending instead of demanding new ones.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Why does SpaceX's Raptor engine keep getting simpler? Each Raptor generation removed parts and internalized or deleted external piping. The video cites SpaceX's 2024 comparison showing the newer engine producing about 51% more power while weighing about 27% less, making it cheaper to build, easier to maintain and simpler to reuse between flights.
- Does simplifying a business always mean losing revenue first? Usually some short-term loss is real: cutting a channel reduces leads and cutting a product reduces sales immediately. The argument is that these losses are temporary and visible, while the gains, focus, lower costs, faster decisions, compound over time.
- What is Richard Koch's main claim in Simplify? Koch argues the most successful companies are often both leaders in growing markets and simple in their economic design. Simplification can raise prices and lower production costs at the same time, which is how it produces both growth and margin.
- How do I start if my business is already complex? Inventory every product, channel, audience and process, then rank each by evidence of results. Cut or consolidate the items with weak evidence, accepting the short-term cost, and reinvest the freed resources in the two or three things that clearly perform.
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